Management
is achieving results by coordinating the efforts of others.
Management Functions
- Planning
It is the first function of management. It deals with making plans for the organization. Planning is
determining where we are going and how to get there.
Use the SMART goal system when developing.
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
Organizing
It is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources and developing productive relationship amongst them for achievement of organizational goals.
Organizing as a process involves: Identification of activities, assignment of duties, training and delegation of authority.
Directing
Directing is communicating with people. It is considered life-spark of the enterprise which sets it in motion the action of people because planning, organizing and staffing are the mere preparations for doing the work.
Direction has following elements: Supervision, motivation, leadership, communication and supervision.
Controlling
Is the evaluation stage. It measures the goals set and employees work.
Therefore controlling has following steps: Measure actual performance and take coorective action.
Management Theory
It is clear that modern organizations are strongly influenced by the theories of Taylor, Mayo, Weber and Fayol. Their ideas have become such a strong part of modern management. It is strange to believe that their ideas were original and new at some point in history.
Organizational Structures
The typically hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization. Organizational structure determines how the roles, power and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between the different levels of management.
A structure depends on the organization's objectives and strategy. In a centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the departments and divisions may have different degrees of independence. A company such as Proctor & Gamble that sells multiple products may organize their structure so that groups are divided according to each product and depending on geographical area as well. Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-structure.html#ixzz2gsGatH98
The typically hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization. Organizational structure determines how the roles, power and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between the different levels of management.
A structure depends on the organization's objectives and strategy. In a centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the departments and divisions may have different degrees of independence. A company such as Proctor & Gamble that sells multiple products may organize their structure so that groups are divided according to each product and depending on geographical area as well. Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-structure.html#ixzz2gsGatH98